| Type: | Package |
| Title: | Translate R Expressions to 'MathML' and 'LaTeX'/'MathJax' |
| Version: | 1.6 |
| Date: | 2025-08-13 |
| Maintainer: | Matthias Gondan <Matthias.Gondan-Rochon@uibk.ac.at> |
| Description: | Translate R expressions to 'MathML' or 'MathJax'/'LaTeX' so that they can be rendered in R markdown documents and shiny apps. This package depends on R package 'rolog', which requires an installation of the 'SWI'-'Prolog' runtime either from 'swi-prolog.org' or from R package 'rswipl'. |
| License: | FreeBSD |
| Depends: | R (≥ 4.3), rolog (≥ 0.9.14), knitr |
| Imports: | xfun (≥ 0.49) |
| Encoding: | UTF-8 |
| URL: | https://github.com/mgondan/mathml |
| BugReports: | https://github.com/mgondan/mathml/issues |
| Suggests: | rmarkdown, testthat, rswipl |
| VignetteBuilder: | knitr, rmarkdown |
| RoxygenNote: | 7.3.2 |
| Config/testthat/edition: | 3 |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Packaged: | 2025-08-19 07:48:54 UTC; matthias |
| Author: | Matthias Gondan [aut, cre, cph] (University of Innsbruck), Irene Alfarone [aut] (University of Innsbruck), European Commission [fnd] (Erasmus+ Programme, 2019-1-EE01-KA203-051708) |
| Repository: | CRAN |
| Date/Publication: | 2025-08-19 08:30:08 UTC |
Left arrow, presented as x <- y
Description
Left arrow, presented as x <- y
Usage
x %<-% y
Arguments
x |
first element |
y |
second element |
Value
NA, it produces a left arrow
Double sided arrow, presented as x <-> y
Description
Double sided arrow, presented as x <-> y
Usage
x %<->% y
Arguments
x |
first element |
y |
second element |
Value
NA, it produces a double sided arrow
Right double arrow, displayed as x => y
Description
Right double arrow, displayed as x => y
Usage
x %<=% y
Arguments
x |
first element |
y |
second element |
Value
NA, it produces a right double arrow
If and only if condition, displayed as x <=> y
Description
If and only if condition, displayed as x <=> y
Usage
x %<=>% y
Arguments
x |
first element |
y |
second element |
Value
NA, it produces a double arrow double-sided
Plus Minus, it shows x and calculates x +- y
Description
Plus Minus, it shows x and calculates x +- y
Usage
x %+-% y
Arguments
x |
first term |
y |
second term |
Value
c(x - y, x + y) x plus min y
Right arrow, presented as x -> y
Description
Right arrow, presented as x -> y
Usage
x %->% y
Arguments
x |
first element |
y |
second element |
Value
NA, it produces a right arrow
Product x * y, shown as x dot y
Description
Product x * y, shown as x dot y
Usage
x %.% y
Arguments
x |
first factor |
y |
second factor |
Value
x * y
Left double arrow, displayed as x <= y
Description
Left double arrow, displayed as x <= y
Usage
x %=>% y
Arguments
x |
first element |
y |
second element |
Value
NA, it produces a left double arrow
Equivalence, shown as x == y
Description
Equivalence, shown as x == y
Usage
x %==% y
Arguments
x |
first argument |
y |
second argument |
Value
x == y
Congruence, shown as x =~ y
Description
Congruence, shown as x =~ y
Usage
x %=~% y
Arguments
x |
first argument |
y |
second argument |
Value
x == y, e.g., a cong b
Down double arrow, displayed as x dArr y
Description
Down double arrow, displayed as x dArr y
Usage
x %dbldown% y
Arguments
x |
first element |
y |
second element |
Value
NA, it produces a downward double arrow
Up double arrow, displayed as x uArr y
Description
Up double arrow, displayed as x uArr y
Usage
x %dblup% y
Arguments
x |
first element |
y |
second element |
Value
NA, it produces a upward double arrow
Down arrow, presented as x downarrow y
Description
Down arrow, presented as x downarrow y
Usage
x %down% y
Arguments
x |
first element |
y |
second element |
Value
NA, it produces a downward arrow
Proportional, shown as x o< y
Description
Proportional, shown as x o< y
Usage
x %prop% y
Arguments
x |
first argument |
y |
second argument |
Value
NA
Up arrow, presented as x up y
Description
Up arrow, presented as x up y
Usage
x %up% y
Arguments
x |
first element |
y |
second element |
Value
NA, it produces an upward arrow
Approximate equality, shown as x ~~ y
Description
Approximate equality, shown as x ~~ y
Usage
x %~~% y
Arguments
x |
first argument |
y |
second argument |
Value
The result of isTRUE(all.equal(x, y))
add
Description
This is a function that allows the user to highlight the mistakes, in particular an extra element in a list
Usage
add(expr)
Arguments
expr |
expression |
Value
expr , e.g., highlights a + b from a + b
add_left
Description
This is a function that allows the user to highlight the mistakes, in particular the redundancies in the left-hand side of the expression.
Usage
add_left(expr)
Arguments
expr |
expression |
Value
expr e.g., highlights a + from a + b
add_right
Description
This is a function that allows the user to highlight the mistakes, in particular the redundancies in the right-hand side of the expression.
Usage
add_right(expr)
Arguments
expr |
expression |
Value
expr , e.g., highlights + b from a + b
Calligraphic font
Description
Calligraphic font
Usage
cal(x)
Arguments
x |
an R symbol. This function is used to render the content in calligraphic font in MathJax. In MathML, script font is used. |
Value
The function cal is a wrapper for the identity function.
See Also
Examples
mathjax(quote(K %in% cal(K)))
Canonicalize an R call: Reorder the function arguments
Description
Canonicalize an R call: Reorder the function arguments
Usage
canonical(term = quote(`%in%`(table = Table, x = X)), drop = TRUE)
Arguments
term |
an R call. |
drop |
whether to drop the argument names or not |
Value
The R function, with arguments rearranged
Examples
canonical(term=quote(`%in%`(table=Table, x=X)))
Identity functions for different decorations
Description
Identity functions for different decorations
Usage
roof(x)
boxed(x)
cancel(x)
phantom(x)
prime(x)
tilde(x)
over(x)
under(x)
underover(x)
hyph(x)
color(x)
Arguments
x |
the expression to render |
Value
x
Examples
roof(1) + mean(2) + boxed(3) + cancel(4) + phantom(5) + prime(6) + tilde(7)
mathml(quote(roof(b) + mean(X) + boxed(3) + cancel(4) + phantom(5)))
denote This is a function that allows the user to insert abbreviations in the formula, explain them and make the needed computations
Description
denote This is a function that allows the user to insert abbreviations in the formula, explain them and make the needed computations
Usage
denote(abbr, expr, info)
Arguments
abbr |
Abbreviation used in the text to refer to the calculation, for example 's_p' for the pooled variance. |
expr |
Expression: calculations to be made in order to obtain the value to which the abbreviation refers to. |
info |
Information: Explanation of the formula used to provide the value of the abbreviation. e.g. 'the pooled variance' |
Value
expr e.g., x denotes a^2 + b
Division displayed as large fraction
Description
Division displayed as large fraction
Usage
dfrac(e1, e2)
Arguments
e1 |
numerator |
e2 |
denominator |
Value
e1 / e2
See Also
Multiplication
Description
Multiplication
Usage
dot(e1, e2)
nodot(e1, e2)
times(e1, e2)
Arguments
e1 |
numerator |
e2 |
denominator |
Value
e1 * e2
Return function body
Description
Return function body
Usage
fname(fname, body)
Arguments
fname |
not clear |
body |
not clear |
Value
body
Identity functions for different font styles
Description
Identity functions for different font styles
Usage
plain(x)
italic(x)
bold(x)
Arguments
x |
the expression to render |
Value
x
Examples
plain(1) + bold(2) + italic(3)
mathml(term=quote(plain(abc) + bold(def) + italic(ghi)))
Division displayed as fraction
Description
Division displayed as fraction
Usage
frac(e1, e2)
Arguments
e1 |
numerator |
e2 |
denominator |
Value
e1 / e2
Hook for custom symbols
Description
hook(term, display) hook_fn(fn) unhook(term) hooked(term)
Usage
hook(term, display = NULL, quote = TRUE, as.rolog = TRUE)
unhook(term, quote = TRUE, as.rolog = TRUE)
hooked(term)
hook_fn(fn)
Arguments
term |
an R call or symbol/number. This is the expression to replace. |
display |
an R call or symbol/number. This is shown instead of term. |
quote |
(default is TRUE) indicates that term and display should be quoted. |
as.rolog |
(default is TRUE) indicates that simplified quasi-quotation is to be used. |
fn |
a custom function. The name of fn is replaced by its function body. |
Value
hook and unhook return TRUE on success. hooked returns the hooked expression or FALSE on failure.
Examples
hook(t0, subscript(t, 0))
hooked(quote(t0))
mathml(quote(t0))
hook(term=quote(t0), display=quote(superscript(t, 0)), quote=FALSE)
mathml(quote(t0))
unhook(t0)
mathml(quote(t0))
square <- function(x) {x^2} ; hook_fn(square)
instead
Description
This is a function that allows the user to highlight the mistakes, in particular adds a curly bracket under the wrong term and it provides the correct solutions.
Usage
instead(inst, of)
Arguments
inst |
the wrong term |
of |
the correct term |
Value
inst
Examples
1 + instead(2, 3)
mathml(term=quote(1 + instead(2, 3)))
Adds the class "math" to the object for knitr output via mathout()
Description
Adds the class "math" to the object for knitr output via mathout()
Usage
math(term, flags = NULL)
Arguments
term |
an R call or symbol/number. This function translates term into a LaTeX/MathJax string. |
flags |
(default NULL) list of flags that control the translation |
Value
term with additional class "math" and flags as attributes.
See Also
mathml(), mathjax(), mathout()
Examples
math(term=quote((a + b)^2L == a^2L + 2L*a*b + b^2L))
Mathjax output
Description
Mathjax output
Usage
mathjax(
term = quote((a + b)^2L == a^2L + 2L * a * b + b^2L),
flags = NULL,
env = globalenv()
)
Arguments
term |
an R call or symbol/number. This function translates term into a LaTeX/MathJax string. |
flags |
(default NULL) list of flags that control the translation |
env |
(default globalenv()) The R environment in which r_eval is being executed (see vignette for details, "Ringing back to R"). |
Details
In some functions, the Prolog code may ring back R, for example, to
find the names of function arguments. For example (see vignette), when
rendering the call integrate(g, lower=0L, upper=Inf) as Int_0^Inf g(x) dx,
Prolog needs to know that the function g is a function of x. The Prolog rule
then searches for the formalArgs of g in the environment env.
Value
A string with the MathJax representation of term.
See Also
Examples
mathjax(term=quote((a + b)^2L == a^2L + 2L*a*b + b^2L))
MathML output
Description
MathML output
Usage
mathml(
term = quote((a + b)^2L == a^2L + 2L * a * b + b^2L),
flags = NULL,
env = globalenv()
)
Arguments
term |
an R call or symbol/number. This function translates term into a MathML string. |
flags |
(default NULL) list of flags that control the translation. This includes "context" settings such as error("ignore"), or a default number of decimal places for numeric output. |
env |
(default globalenv()) The R environment in which r_eval is being executed. |
Details
In some functions, the Prolog code may ring back R, for example, to
find the names of function arguments. For example (see vignette), when
rendering the call integrate(g, lower=0L, upper=Inf) as Int_0^Inf g(x) dx,
Prolog needs to know that the function g is a function of x. The Prolog rule
then searches for the formalArgs of g in the environment env.
Value
A string with the MathML representation of term.
See Also
Examples
mathml(term=quote((a + b)^2L == a^2L + 2L*a*b + b^2L))
mathml(term=3.14159265, flags=list(round=3L))
mathml(term=3.14159265, flags=list(quote(round(3L))))
Map R operators to their respective Prolog counterparts
Description
Map R operators to their respective Prolog counterparts
Usage
mathml_preproc(query = quote(5%%2))
Arguments
query |
an R call or symbol/number. This function translates components of query into their respective counterparts from Prolog |
Value
The translated query
See Also
Examples
mathml_preproc(quote(5 %% 2))
MathML or MathJax output, depending on the knitr context
Description
MathML or MathJax output, depending on the knitr context
Usage
mathout(term, flags = NULL, env = parent.frame())
inline(term, flags = NULL, env = parent.frame())
Arguments
term |
an R call or symbol/number. This function translates term into a LaTeX/MathJax string. |
flags |
(default NULL) list of flags that control the translation |
env |
(default parent.frame()) The R environment in which r_eval is being executed (see vignette for details, "Ringing back to R"). |
Details
This function checks knitr::is_html_output() and knitr::is_html_output() and invokes the respective function mathml() or mathjax(). Outside of knitr context, MathML is returned, and a warning is given.
Value
A string with the MathML or MathJax representation of term.
See Also
Examples
mathout(term=quote((a + b)^2L == a^2L + 2L*a*b + b^2L))
inline(term=quote((a + b)^2L == a^2L + 2L*a*b + b^2L))
Add a name attribute to an element (most often, an R function)
Description
Add a name attribute to an element (most often, an R function)
Usage
name(x, name)
Arguments
x |
an R object, e.g., an R function |
name |
the name of the object/function |
Value
The object with the name attribute
Examples
f <- function(x) {sin(x)}
mathjax(call("integrate", name(f, "sin"), 0L, 2L*pi))
omit
Description
This is a function that allows the user to highlight the mistakes, in particular the omission of an element from a list.
Usage
omit(expr)
Arguments
expr |
expression |
Value
NULL e.g., remove a + b from a + b
omit_left This is a function that allows the user to highlight the mistakes, in particular the omissions in the left-hand side of the expression
Description
omit_left This is a function that allows the user to highlight the mistakes, in particular the omissions in the left-hand side of the expression
Usage
omit_left(expr)
Arguments
expr |
The expression, e.g. a + b |
Value
substitute(expr)[[3]], e.g., b from a + b
omit_right This is a function that allows the user to highlight the mistakes, in particular the omissions in the right-hand side of the expression
Description
omit_right This is a function that allows the user to highlight the mistakes, in particular the omissions in the right-hand side of the expression
Usage
omit_right(expr)
Arguments
expr |
expression |
Value
substitute(expr)[[2]], e.g., a from a + b
product over a range. On the R side, this function just returns the product of the first argument, but allows for decorations.
Description
product over a range. On the R side, this function just returns the product of the first argument, but allows for decorations.
Usage
prod_over(x, from, to)
Arguments
x |
the object to be multiplied |
from |
decoration for prod_from^to x_i |
to |
decoration for prod_from^to x_i |
Value
The function returns prod(x)
See Also
Examples
mathjax(quote(prod_over(x[i], i=1L, N)))
sum over a range. On the R side, this function just returns the first argument, but allows for decorations.
Description
sum over a range. On the R side, this function just returns the first argument, but allows for decorations.
Usage
sum_over(x, from, to)
Arguments
x |
the object to be summed |
from |
decoration for sum_from^to x_i |
to |
decoration for sum_from^to x_i |
Value
The function returns sum(x)
See Also
Examples
mathjax(quote(sum_over(x[i], i=1L, N)))