| Type: | Package |
| Title: | Acid/Base, Complexation, Redox, and Precipitation Titration Curves |
| Version: | 0.1.0 |
| Date: | 2016-02-09 |
| Maintainer: | David Harvey <harvey@depauw.edu> |
| Description: | A collection of functions to plot acid/base titration curves (pH vs. volume of titrant), complexation titration curves (pMetal vs. volume of EDTA), redox titration curves (potential vs.volume of titrant), and precipitation titration curves (either pAnalyte or pTitrant vs. volume of titrant). Options include the titration of mixtures, the ability to overlay two or more titration curves, and the ability to show equivalence points. |
| License: | GPL-2 |
| LazyData: | TRUE |
| RoxygenNote: | 5.0.1 |
| Suggests: | knitr, rmarkdown |
| VignetteBuilder: | knitr |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Packaged: | 2016-02-10 20:42:24 UTC; davidharvey |
| Author: | David Harvey [aut, cre] |
| Repository: | CRAN |
| Date/Publication: | 2016-02-11 00:49:16 |
Derivative Titration Curves
Description
Given a two-column data frame, with volumes of titrant in the first column and pH, pAnalyte, pTitrant, pMetal, or solution potential in the second column, this function calculates and plots the associated first-derivative and second derivative titration curves.
Usage
derivative(df, plot = TRUE, ...)
Arguments
df |
A data frame with two columns; the first column must contain the volumes of titrant and the second column must contain values for the associated pH, pAnalyte, pTitrant, pMetal, or solution potential. A typical object to pass to this function is that created by the other functions in this package; however, the data frame can be one prepared separately, provided that it matches the structure defined above. |
plot |
Logical; if TRUE, plots the titration curve. |
... |
Additional arguments to pass to |
Value
A list that consists of two data frames, one for the first derivative titration curve and one for the second derivative titration curve.
Author(s)
David T. Harvey, DePauw University. harvey@depauw.edu
Examples
### Derivative weak acid/strong base titration curves
ab = wa_sb()
ex16 = derivative(ab)
str(ex16)
Titration Curve for Diprotic Weak Acid
Description
This function calculates and plots the titration curve for a diprotic weak acid analyte using a monoprotic strong base as the titrant. The calculation uses a single master equation that finds the volume of titrant needed to achieve a fixed pH, as outlined in R. de Levie's Principles of Quantitative Chemical Analysis (McGraw-Hill, 1997).
Usage
diwa_sb(conc.acid = 0.1, conc.base = 0.1, pka1 = 5, pka2 = 9,
pkw = 14, vol.acid = 50, plot = TRUE, eqpt = FALSE, overlay = FALSE,
...)
Arguments
conc.acid |
Molar concentration of the diprotic weak acid analyte; defaults to 0.10 M. |
conc.base |
Molar concentration of the strong base titrant; defaults to 0.10 M. |
pka1 |
The pKa1 value for the diprotic weak acid analyte; defaults to a pKa1 of 5. |
pka2 |
The pKa2 value for the diprotic weak acid analyte; defaults to a pKa2 of 9. |
pkw |
The pKw (or pKs) value for the solvent; defaults to water as a solvent with a pKw of 14. |
vol.acid |
Initial volume, in mL, of the solution that contains the weak acid analyte; defaults to 50.00 mL. |
plot |
Logical; if TRUE, plots the titration curve. |
eqpt |
Logical; if TRUE, draws a vertical line at the titration curve's equivalence point. |
overlay |
Logical; if TRUE, adds the current titration curve to the existing titration curve. |
... |
Additional arguments to pass to |
Value
A two-column data frame that contains the volume of titrant in the first column and the solution's pH in the second column. Also produces a plot of the titration curve with options to display the equivalence point and to overlay titration curves.
Author(s)
David T. Harvey, DePauw University. harvey@depauw.edu
Examples
### Simple titration curve with equivalence points
ex5 = diwa_sb(eqpt = TRUE)
head(ex5)
### Overlay titration curves using different pKa1 and pKa2 values
diwa_sb(pka1 = 5, pka2 = 9, eqpt = TRUE)
diwa_sb(pka1 = 6, pka2 = 10, overlay = TRUE)
diwa_sb(pka1 = 4, pka2 = 8, overlay = TRUE)
Titration Curve for Diprotic Weak Base
Description
This function calculates and plots the titration curve for a diprotic weak base analyte using a monoprotic strong acid as the titrant. The calculation uses a single master equation that finds the volume of titrant needed to achieve a fixed pH, as outlined in R. de Levie's Principles of Quantitative Chemical Analysis (McGraw-Hill, 1997).
Usage
diwb_sa(conc.base = 0.1, conc.acid = 0.1, pka1 = 5, pka2 = 9,
pkw = 14, vol.base = 50, plot = TRUE, eqpt = FALSE, overlay = FALSE,
...)
Arguments
conc.base |
Molar concentration of the diprotic weak base analyte; defaults to 0.10 M. |
conc.acid |
Molar concentration of the strong base titrant; defaults to 0.10 M. |
pka1 |
The pKa1 value for the diprotic weak base analyte's conjugate weak acid; defaults to a pKa1 of 5, or a pKb2 of 9 for the weak base analyte. |
pka2 |
The pKa2 value for the diprotic weak base analyte's conjugate weak acid; defaults to a pKa2 of 9, or a pKb1 of 5. |
pkw |
The pKw (or pKs) value for the solvent; defaults to water as a solvent with a pKw of 14. |
vol.base |
The initial volume, in mL, of the solution that contains the weak base analyte; defaults to 50.00 mL. |
plot |
Logical; if TRUE, plots the titration curve. |
eqpt |
Logical; if TRUE, draws a vertical line at the titration curve's equivalence point. |
overlay |
Logical; if TRUE, adds the current titration curve to the existing titration curve. |
... |
Additional arguments to pass to |
Value
A two-column data frame that contains the volume of titrant in the first column and the solution's pH in the second column. Also produces a plot of the titration curve with options to display the equivalence point and to overlay titration curves.
Author(s)
David T. Harvey, DePauw University. harvey@depauw.edu
Examples
### Simple titration curve with equivalence points
ex6 = diwb_sa(eqpt = TRUE)
head(ex6)
### Overlay titration curves using different pKa1 and pKa2 values
diwb_sa(pka1 = 5, pka2 = 9, eqpt = TRUE)
diwb_sa(pka1 = 6, pka2 = 10, overlay = TRUE)
diwb_sa(pka1 = 4, pka2 = 8, overlay = TRUE)
Complexation Titration Curve
Description
This function calculates and plots the titration curve for a metal ion analyte using EDTA as the titrant. The calculation uses a single master equation that finds the volume of titrant needed to achieve a fixed concentration of the metal ion, pM, as outlined in R. de Levie's Principles of Quantitative Chemical Analysis (McGraw-Hill, 1997).
Usage
metal_edta(conc.metal = 0.1, conc.edta = 0.1, vol.metal = 50, ph = 10,
logkf = 8.79, alpha.metal = 1, plot = TRUE, eqpt = TRUE,
overlay = FALSE, ...)
Arguments
conc.metal |
Molar concentration of the metal ion analyte; defaults to 0.10 M. |
conc.edta |
Molar concentration of the EDTA titrant; defaults to 0.10 M. |
vol.metal |
Initial volume, in mL, of the solution that contains the metal ion analyte; defaults to 50.00 mL. |
ph |
The pH of the solution, which is used to calculate the fraction of EDTA present in its fully deprotonated form; defaults to a pH of 10. |
logkf |
The log of the formation constant, Kf, for the metal-EDTA complex; defaults to 8.79, which is the value for the complex of Mg2+ and EDTA. |
alpha.metal |
The fraction of the metal ion analyte that is not complexed by an auxilary complexing agent; defaults to 1, the value when there is no secondary complexing agent present. |
plot |
Logical; if TRUE, plots the titration curve. |
eqpt |
Logical; if TRUE, draws a vertical line at the titration curve's equivalence point. |
overlay |
Logical; if TRUE, adds the current titration curve to the existing titration curve. |
... |
Additional arguments to pass to |
Value
A two-column data frame that contains the volume of titrant in the first column and the solution's pMetal in the second column. Also produces a plot of the titration curve with options to display the equivalence point and to overlay titration curves.
Author(s)
David T. Harvey, DePauw University. harvey@depauw.edu
Examples
### Simple titration curve with equivalence point
ex11 = metal_edta(eqpt = TRUE)
head(ex11)
### Overlay titration curves using different pH values
metal_edta(ph = 12, eqpt = TRUE)
metal_edta(ph = 10, overlay = TRUE)
metal_edta(ph = 8, overlay = TRUE)
Precipitation Titration Curve: Monitoring pAnalyte
Description
This function calculates and plots the precipitation titration curve for an analyte and a titrant that form a precipitate with a 1:1 stoichiometry. The calculation uses a single master equation that finds the volume of titrant needed to achieve a fixed concentration of the analyte, expressed as pAnalyte, as outlined in R. de Levie's Principles of Quantitative Chemical Analysis (McGraw-Hill, 1997).
Usage
ppt_analyte(conc.analyte = 0.025, conc.titrant = 0.05, vol.analyte = 50,
pksp = 16.08, plot = TRUE, eqpt = FALSE, overlay = FALSE, ...)
Arguments
conc.analyte |
Molar concentration of the analyte; defaults to 0.025 M. |
conc.titrant |
Molar concentration of the titrant; defaults to 0.050 M. |
vol.analyte |
The initial volume, in mL, of the solution containing the analyte; defaults to 50.00 mL. |
pksp |
The pKsp value for the precipitate; defaults to 16.08, which is the pKsp for AgI. |
plot |
Logical; if TRUE, plots the titration curve. |
eqpt |
Logical; if TRUE, draws a vertical line at the titration curve's equivalence point. |
overlay |
Logical; if TRUE, adds the current titration curve to the existing titration curve. |
... |
Additional arguments to pass to |
Value
A two-column data frame that contains the volume of titrant in the first column and the solution's pAnalyte in the second column. Also produces a plot of the titration curve with options to display the equivalence point and to overlay titration curves.
Author(s)
David T. Harvey, DePauw University. harvey@depauw.edu
Examples
### Simple titration curve with equivalence point
ex13 = ppt_analyte(eqpt = TRUE)
head(ex13)
### Overlay titration curves using different pKsp values
ppt_analyte(pksp = 16, eqpt = TRUE)
ppt_analyte(pksp = 14, overlay = TRUE)
ppt_analyte(pksp = 12, overlay = TRUE)
Precipitation Titration Curve: Mixture of Analytes
Description
This function calculates and plots the precipitation titration curve for a mixture of two analytes using a titrant that form precipitates with 1:1 stoichiometries. The calculation uses a single master equation that finds the volume of titrant needed to achieve a fixed concentration of titrant, expressed as pTitrant, as outlined in R. de Levie's Principles of Quantitative Chemical Analysis (McGraw-Hill, 1997).
Usage
ppt_mixture(conc.analyte1 = 0.05, conc.analyte2 = 0.05, vol.analyte = 25,
conc.titrant = 0.05, pksp1 = 16.08, pksp2 = 11.97, plot = TRUE,
eqpt = FALSE, overlay = FALSE, ...)
Arguments
conc.analyte1 |
Molar concentration of the first analyte; defaults to 0.050 M. |
conc.analyte2 |
Molar concentration of the second analyte; defaults to 0.050 M. |
vol.analyte |
The initial olume, in mL, of the solution containing the analyte; defaults to 25.00 mL. |
conc.titrant |
Molar concentration of the titrant; defaults to 0.050 M. |
pksp1 |
The pKsp value for the first analyte's precipitate; defaults to 16.08, which is the pKsp for AgI. |
pksp2 |
The pKsp value for the second analyte's precipitate; defaults to 11.97, which is the pKsp for AgSCN. |
plot |
Logical; if TRUE, plots the titration curve. |
eqpt |
Logical; if TRUE, draws a vertical line at the titration curve's equivalence point. |
overlay |
Logical; if TRUE, adds the current titration curve to the existing titration curve. |
... |
Additional arguments to pass to |
Value
A two-column data frame that contains the volume of titrant in the first column and the solution's pTitrant in the second column. Also produces a plot of the titration curve with options to display the equivalence point and to overlay titration curves.
Author(s)
David T. Harvey, DePauw University. harvey@depauw.edu
Examples
### Simple titration curve with equivalence points
ex15 = ppt_mixture(eqpt = TRUE)
head(ex15)
### Overlay mixture titration curves using different pKsp values
ppt_mixture(pksp1 = 16, pksp2 = 12, eqpt = TRUE)
ppt_mixture(pksp1 = 14, pksp2 = 10, overlay = TRUE)
Precipitation Titration Curve: Monitoring pTitrant
Description
This function calculates and plots the precipitation titration curve for an analyte and a titrant that form a precipitate with a 1:1 stoichiometry. The calculation uses a single master equation that finds the volume of titrant needed to achieve a fixed concentration of titrant, expressed as pTitrant, as outlined in R. de Levie's Principles of Quantitative Chemical Analysis (McGraw-Hill, 1997).
Usage
ppt_titrant(conc.analyte = 0.025, conc.titrant = 0.05, vol.analyte = 50,
pksp = 16.08, plot = TRUE, eqpt = FALSE, overlay = FALSE, ...)
Arguments
conc.analyte |
Molar concentration of the analyte; defaults to 0.025 M. |
conc.titrant |
Molar concentration of the titrant; defaults to 0.050 M. |
vol.analyte |
Initital volume, in mL, of the solution containing the analyte; defaults to 50.00 mL. |
pksp |
The pKsp value for the precipitate; defaults to 16.08, which is the pKsp for AgI. |
plot |
Logical; if TRUE, plots the titration curve. |
eqpt |
Logical; if TRUE, draws a vertical line at the titration curve's equivalence point. |
overlay |
Logical; if TRUE, adds the current titration curve to the existing titration curve. |
... |
Additional arguments to pass to |
Value
A two-column data frame that contains the volume of titrant in the first column and the solution's pTitrant in the second column. Also produces a plot of the titration curve with options to display the equivalence point and to overlay titration curves.
Author(s)
David T. Harvey, DePauw University. harvey@depauw.edu
Examples
### Simple titration curve with equivalence point
ex14 = ppt_titrant(eqpt = TRUE)
head(ex14)
### Overlay titration curves using different pKsp values
ppt_titrant(pksp = 16, eqpt = TRUE)
ppt_titrant(pksp = 14, overlay = TRUE)
ppt_titrant(pksp = 12, overlay = TRUE)
Redox Titration Curve
Description
This function calculates and plots the titration curve for a reducing agent analyte using an oxidizing agent as the titrant. The calculation uses a single master equation that finds the volume of titrant needed to achieve a fixed potential, as outlined in R. de Levie's Principles of Quantitative Chemical Analysis (McGraw-Hill, 1997).
Usage
redox_titration(conc.analyte = 0.01, vol.analyte = 25, pot.analyte = 0.77,
elec.analyte = 1, conc.titrant = 0.01, pot.titrant = 1.7,
elec.titrant = 1, plot = TRUE, eqpt = FALSE, overlay = FALSE, ...)
Arguments
conc.analyte |
Molar concentration of the analyte; defaults to 0.010 M. |
vol.analyte |
Initial volume, in mL, of the solution containing the analyte; defaults to 25.00 mL. |
pot.analyte |
Standard state or formal potential for the analyte's half-reaction in V; defaults to 0.77 V. |
elec.analyte |
The number, n, of electrons lost by the analyte in its oxidation half-reaction; defaults to 1. |
conc.titrant |
Molar concentration of the titrant; defaults to 0.010 M. |
pot.titrant |
Standard state or formal potential for the titrant's half-reaction in V; defaults to 1.7 V. |
elec.titrant |
The number, n, of electrons gained by the analyte in its reduction half-reaction; defaults to 1. |
plot |
Logical; if TRUE, plots the titration curve. |
eqpt |
Logical; if TRUE, draws a vertical line at the titration curve's equivalence point. |
overlay |
Logical; if TRUE, adds the current titration curve to the existing titration curve. |
... |
Additional arguments to pass to |
Value
A two-column data frame that contains the volume of titrant in the first column and the solution's potential in the second column. Also produces a plot of the titration curve with options to display the equivalence point and to overlay titration curves.
Author(s)
David T. Harvey, DePauw University. harvey@depauw.edu
Examples
### Simple titration curve with equivalence point
ex12 = redox_titration(eqpt = TRUE)
head(ex12)
### Overlay titration curves using different potentials for tirant
redox_titration(pot.titrant = 1.7, eqpt = TRUE)
redox_titration(pot.titrant = 1.5, overlay = TRUE)
redox_titration(pot.titrant = 1.3, overlay = TRUE)
Titration Curve for a Strong Acid
Description
This function calculates and plots the titration curve for a monoprotic strong acid analyte using a monoprotic strong base as the titrant. The calculation uses a single master equation that finds the volume of titrant needed to achieve a fixed pH, as outlined in R. de Levie's Principles of Quantitative Chemical Analysis (McGraw-Hill, 1997).
Usage
sa_sb(conc.acid = 0.1, conc.base = 0.1, pkw = 14, vol.acid = 50,
plot = TRUE, eqpt = FALSE, overlay = FALSE, ...)
Arguments
conc.acid |
Molar concentration of the strong acid analyte; defaults to 0.10 M. |
conc.base |
Molar concentration of the strong base titrant; defaults to 0.10 M. |
pkw |
The pKw (or pKs) value for the solvent; defaults to water as a solvent with a pKw of 14. |
vol.acid |
Initial volume, in mL, of the solution that contains the strong acid analyte; defaults to 50.00 mL. |
plot |
Logical; if TRUE, plots the titration curve. |
eqpt |
Logical; if TRUE, draws a vertical line at the titration curve's equivalence point. |
overlay |
Logical; if TRUE, adds the current titration curve to the existing titration curve. |
... |
Additional arguments to pass to |
Value
A two-column data frame that contains the volume of titrant in the first column and the solution's pH in the second column. Also produces a plot of the titration curve with options to display the equivalence point and to overlay titration curves.
Author(s)
David T. Harvey, DePauw University. harvey@depauw.edu
Examples
### Simple titration curve with equivalence point
ex1 = sa_sb(eqpt = TRUE)
head(ex1)
### Overlay titration curves
sa_sb(conc.base = 0.10)
sa_sb(conc.base = 0.15, overlay = TRUE)
sa_sb(conc.base = 0.20, overlay = TRUE)
Titration Curve for a Strong Base
Description
This function calculates and plots the titration curve for a monoprotic strong base analyte using a monoprotic strong acid as the titrant. The calculation uses a single master equation that finds the volume of titrant needed to achieve a fixed pH, as outlined in R. de Levie's Principles of Quantitative Chemical Analysis (McGraw-Hill, 1997).
Usage
sb_sa(conc.base = 0.1, conc.acid = 0.1, pkw = 14, vol.base = 50,
plot = TRUE, overlay = FALSE, eqpt = FALSE, ...)
Arguments
conc.base |
Molar concentration of the strong base analyte; defaults to 0.10 M. |
conc.acid |
Molar concentration of the strong acid titrant; defaults to 0.10 M. |
pkw |
The pKw (or pKs) value for the solvent; defaults to water as a solvent with a pKw of 14. |
vol.base |
Initial volume, in mL, of the solution that contains the strong base analyte; defaults to 50.00 mL. |
plot |
Logical; if TRUE, plots the titration curve. |
overlay |
Logical; if TRUE, adds the current titration curve to the existing titration curve. |
eqpt |
Logical; if TRUE, draws a vertical line at the titration curve's equivalence point. |
... |
Additional arguments to pass to |
Value
A two-column data frame that contains the volume of titrant in the first column and the solution's pH in the second column. Also produces a plot of the titration curve with options to display the equivalence point and to overlay titration curves.
Author(s)
David T. Harvey, DePauw University. harvey@depauw.edu
Examples
### Simple titration curve with equivalence point
ex2 = sb_sa(eqpt = TRUE)
head(ex2)
### Overlay titration curves
sb_sa(conc.acid = 0.10)
sb_sa(conc.acid = 0.15, overlay = TRUE)
sb_sa(conc.acid = 0.20, overlay = TRUE)
Titration Curve for Triprotic Weak Acid
Description
This function calculates and plots the titration curve for a triprotic weak acid analyte using a monoprotic strong base as the titrant. The calculation uses a single master equation that finds the volume of titrant needed to achieve a fixed pH, as outlined in R. de Levie's Principles of Quantitative Chemical Analysis (McGraw-Hill, 1997).
Usage
triwa_sb(conc.acid = 0.1, conc.base = 0.1, pka1 = 4, pka2 = 7,
pka3 = 10, pkw = 14, vol.acid = 50, plot = TRUE, eqpt = FALSE,
overlay = FALSE, ...)
Arguments
conc.acid |
Molar concentration of the triprotic weak acid analyte; defaults to 0.10 M. |
conc.base |
Molar concentration of the strong base titrant; defaults to 0.10 M. |
pka1 |
The pKa1 value for the triprotic weak acid analyte; defaults to a pKa1 of 4. |
pka2 |
The pKa2 value for the triprotic weak acid analyte; defaults to a pKa2 of 7. |
pka3 |
The pKa3 value for the triprotic weak acid analyte; defaults to a pKa3 of 10. |
pkw |
The pKw (or pKs) value for the solvent; defaults to water as a solvent with a pKw of 14. |
vol.acid |
The initial volume, in mL, of the solution that contains the weak acid analyte; defaults to 50.00 mL. |
plot |
Logical; if TRUE, plots the titration curve. |
eqpt |
Logical; if TRUE, draws a vertical line at the titration curve's equivalence point. |
overlay |
Logical; if TRUE, adds the current titration curve to the existing titration curve. |
... |
Additional arguments to pass to |
Value
A two-column data frame that contains the volume of titrant in the first column and the solution's pH in the second column. Also produces a plot of the titration curve with options to display the equivalence point and to overlay titration curves.
Author(s)
David T. Harvey, DePauw University. harvey@depauw.edu
Examples
### Simple titration curve with equivalence points
ex7 = triwa_sb(eqpt = TRUE)
head(ex7)
### Overlay titration curves using different pKa1 and pKa2 values
triwa_sb(pka1 = 4, pka2 = 7, pka3 = 10, eqpt = TRUE)
triwa_sb(pka1 = 3, pka2 = 7, pka3 = 11, overlay = TRUE)
triwa_sb(pka1 = 5, pka2 = 7, pka3 = 9, overlay = TRUE)
Titration Curve for a Triprotic Weak Base
Description
This function calculates and plots the titration curve for a triprotic weak base analyte using a monoprotic strong acid as the titrant. The calculation uses a single master equation that finds the volume of titrant needed to achieve a fixed pH, as outlined in R. de Levie's Principles of Quantitative Chemical Analysis (McGraw-Hill, 1997).
Usage
triwb_sa(conc.base = 0.1, conc.acid = 0.1, pka1 = 4, pka2 = 7,
pka3 = 10, pkw = 14, vol.base = 50, plot = TRUE, eqpt = FALSE,
overlay = FALSE, ...)
Arguments
conc.base |
Molar concentration of the triprotic weak base analyte; defaults to 0.10 M. |
conc.acid |
Molar concentration of the strong acid titrant; defaults to 0.10 M. |
pka1 |
The pKa1 value for the triprotic weak base analyte's conjugat weak acid; defaults to a pKa1 of 4, or a pKb3 of 10. |
pka2 |
The pKa2 value for the triprotic weak base analyte's conjugat weak acid; defaults to a pKa2 of 7, or a pKb2 of 7 |
pka3 |
The pKa3 value for the triprotic weak base analyte's conjugat weak acid; defaults to a pKa3 of 10, or a pKb1 of 4. |
pkw |
The pKw (or pKs) value for the solvent; defaults to water as a solvent with a pKw of 14. |
vol.base |
The iniital volume, in mL, of the solution that contains the weak acid analyte; defaults to 50.00 mL. |
plot |
Logical; if TRUE, plots the titration curve. |
eqpt |
Logical; if TRUE, draws a vertical line at the titration curve's equivalence point. |
overlay |
Logical; if TRUE, adds the current titration curve to the existing titration curve. |
... |
Additional arguments to pass to |
Value
A two-column data frame that contains the volume of titrant in the first column and the solution's pH in the second column. Also produces a plot of the titration curve with options to display the equivalence point and to overlay titration curves.
Author(s)
David T. Harvey, DePauw University. harvey@depauw.edu
Examples
### Simple titration curve with equivalence points
ex8 = triwb_sa(eqpt = TRUE)
head(ex8)
### Overlay titration curves using different pKa1 and pKa2 values
triwb_sa(pka1 = 4, pka2 = 7, pka3 = 10, eqpt = TRUE)
triwb_sa(pka1 = 3, pka2 = 7, pka3 = 11, overlay = TRUE)
triwb_sa(pka1 = 5, pka2 = 7, pka3 = 9, overlay = TRUE)
Titration Curve for a Weak Acid
Description
This function calculates and plots the titration curve for a monoprotic weak acid analyte using a monoprotic strong base as the titrant. The calculation uses a single master equation that finds the volume of titrant needed to achieve a fixed pH, as outlined in R. de Levie's Principles of Quantitative Chemical Analysis (McGraw-Hill, 1997).
Usage
wa_sb(conc.acid = 0.1, conc.base = 0.1, pka = 5, pkw = 14,
vol.acid = 50, plot = TRUE, eqpt = FALSE, overlay = FALSE, ...)
Arguments
conc.acid |
Molar concentration of the weak acid analyte; defaults to 0.10 M. |
conc.base |
Molar concentration of the strong base titrant; defaults to 0.10 M. |
pka |
The pKa value for the weak acid analyte; defaults to a pKa of 5. |
pkw |
The pKw (or pKs) value for the solvent; defaults to water as a solvent with a pKw of 14. |
vol.acid |
Initial volume, in mL, of the solution that contains the weak acid analyte; defaults to 50.00 mL. |
plot |
Logical; if TRUE, plots the titration curve. |
eqpt |
Logical; if TRUE, draws a vertical line at the titration curve's equivalence point. |
overlay |
Logical; if TRUE, adds the current titration curve to the existing titration curve. |
... |
Additional arguments to pass to |
Value
A two-column data frame that contains the volume of titrant in the first column and the solution's pH in the second column. Also produces a plot of the titration curve with options to display the equivalence point and to overlay titration curves.
Author(s)
David T. Harvey, DePauw University. harvey@depauw.edu
Examples
### Simple titration curve with equivalence point
ex3 = wa_sb(eqpt = TRUE)
head(ex3)
### Overlay titration curves using different pKa values
wa_sb(pka = 5, eqpt = TRUE)
wa_sb(pka = 7, overlay = TRUE)
wa_sb(pka = 9, overlay = TRUE)
### Overlay titration curve for strong acid and weak acid
sa_sb(eqpt = TRUE)
wa_sb(overlay = TRUE)
Titration Curve for Weak Acid Mixture
Description
This function calculates and plots the titration curve for a mixture of two monoprotic weak acid analyte using a monoprotic strong base as the titrant. The calculation uses a single master equation that finds the volume of titrant needed to achieve a fixed pH, as outlined in R. de Levie's Principles of Quantitative Chemical Analysis (McGraw-Hill, 1997).
Usage
wamix_sb(conc.acid1 = 0.1, conc.acid2 = 0.1, conc.base = 0.1, pka1 = 5,
pka2 = 8, pkw = 14, vol.acid = 50, plot = TRUE, eqpt = FALSE,
overlay = FALSE, ...)
Arguments
conc.acid1 |
Molar concentration of the first monoprotic weak acid analyte; defaults to 0.10 M. |
conc.acid2 |
Molar concentration of the second monoprotic weak acid analyte; defaults to 0.10 M. |
conc.base |
Molar concentration of the strong base titrant; defaults to 0.10 M. |
pka1 |
The pKa value for the first monoprotic weak acid analyte; defaults to a pKa of 5. |
pka2 |
The pKa value for the second monoprotic weak acid analyte; defaults to a pKa of 8. |
pkw |
The pKw (or pKs) value for the solvent; defaults to water as a solvent with a pKw of 14. |
vol.acid |
Initial volume, in mL, of the solution that contains the weak acid analytes; defaults to 50.00 mL. |
plot |
Logical; if TRUE, plots the titration curve. |
eqpt |
Logical; if TRUE, draws a vertical line at the titration curve's equivalence point. |
overlay |
Logical; if TRUE, adds the current titration curve to the existing titration curve. |
... |
Additional arguments to pass to |
Value
A two-column data frame that contains the volume of titrant in the first column and the solution's pH in the second column. Also produces a plot of the titration curve with options to display the equivalence point and to overlay titration curves.
Author(s)
David T. Harvey, DePauw University. harvey@depauw.edu
Examples
### Simple titration curve with equivalence points
ex9 = wamix_sb(eqpt = TRUE)
head(ex9)
### Overlay titration curves using different pKa values
wamix_sb(pka1 = 5, pka2 = 8, eqpt = TRUE)
wamix_sb(pka1 = 4, pka2 = 7, overlay = TRUE)
wamix_sb(pka1 = 6, pka2 = 9, overlay = TRUE)
Titration Curve for a Weak Base
Description
This function calculates and plots the titration curve for a monoprotic weak base analyte using a monoprotic strong acid as the titrant. The calculation uses a single master equation that finds the volume of titrant needed to achieve a fixed pH, as outlined in R. de Levie's Principles of Quantitative Chemical Analysis (McGraw-Hill, 1997).
Usage
wb_sa(conc.acid = 0.1, conc.base = 0.1, pka = 9, pkw = 14,
vol.base = 50, plot = TRUE, eqpt = FALSE, overlay = FALSE, ...)
Arguments
conc.acid |
Molar concentration of the strong acid titrant; defaults to 0.10 M. |
conc.base |
Molar concentration of the weak base analyte; defaults to 0.10 M. |
pka |
The pKa value for the weak base analyte's conjugate weak acid; defaults to a pKa of 9, or a pKb of 5 for the weak base analyte. |
pkw |
The pKw (or pKs) value for the solvent; defaults to water as a solvent with a pKw of 14. |
vol.base |
Initial volume, in mL, of the solution that contains the weak base analyte; defaults to 50.00 mL. |
plot |
Logical; if TRUE, plots the titration curve. |
eqpt |
Logical; if TRUE, draws a vertical line at the titration curve's equivalence point. |
overlay |
Logical; if TRUE, adds the current titration curve to the existing titration curve. |
... |
Additional arguments to pass to |
Value
A two-column data frame that contains the volume of titrant in the first column and the solution's pH in the second column. Also produces a plot of the titration curve with options to display the equivalence point and to overlay titration curves.
Author(s)
David T. Harvey, DePauw University. harvey@depauw.edu
Examples
### Simple titration curve with equivalence point
ex4 = wb_sa(eqpt = TRUE)
head(ex4)
### Overlay titration curves using different pKa values
wb_sa(pka = 9, eqpt = TRUE)
wb_sa(pka = 7, overlay = TRUE)
wb_sa(pka = 5, overlay = TRUE)
### Overlay titration curve for strong base and weak base
sb_sa(eqpt = TRUE)
wb_sa(overlay = TRUE)
Titration Curve for Weak Base Mixture
Description
This function calculates and plots the titration curve for a mixture of two monoprotic weak base using a monoprotic strong acid as the titrant. The calculation uses a single master equation that finds the volume of titrant needed to achieve a fixed pH, as outlined in R. de Levie's Principles of Quantitative Chemical Analysis (McGraw-Hill, 1997).
Usage
wbmix_sa(conc.base1 = 0.1, conc.base2 = 0.1, conc.acid = 0.1, pka1 = 6,
pka2 = 9, pkw = 14, vol.base = 50, plot = TRUE, eqpt = FALSE,
overlay = FALSE, ...)
Arguments
conc.base1 |
Molar concentration of the first monoprotic weak base analyte; defaults to 0.10 M. |
conc.base2 |
Molar concentration of the second monoprotic weak base analyte; defaults to 0.10 M. |
conc.acid |
Molar concentration of the strong acid titrant; defaults to 0.10 M. |
pka1 |
The pKa value for the first monoprotic weak base analyte's conjugate weak acid; defaults to a pKa of 6, or a pKb of 8. |
pka2 |
The pKa value for the second monoprotic weak base analyte's conjugate weak acid; defaults to a pKa of 9, or a pKb of 5. |
pkw |
The pKw (or pKs) value for the solvent; defaults to water as a solvent with a pKw of 14. |
vol.base |
Initial volume, in mL, of the solution that contains the weak base; defaults to 50.00 mL. |
plot |
Logical; if TRUE, plots the titration curve. |
eqpt |
Logical; if TRUE, draws a vertical line at the titration curve's equivalence point. |
overlay |
Logical; if TRUE, adds the current titration curve to the existing titration curve. |
... |
Additional arguments to pass to |
Value
A two-column data frame that contains the volume of titrant in the first column and the solution's pH in the second column. Also produces a plot of the titration curve with options to display the equivalence point and to overlay titration curves.
Author(s)
David T. Harvey, DePauw University. harvey@depauw.edu
Examples
### Simple titration curve with equivalence points
ex10 = wbmix_sa(eqpt = TRUE)
head(ex10)
### Overlay titration curves using different pKa values
wbmix_sa(pka1 = 5, pka2 = 8, eqpt = TRUE)
wbmix_sa(pka1 = 4, pka2 = 7, overlay = TRUE)
wbmix_sa(pka1 = 6, pka2 = 9, overlay = TRUE)