#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# Copyright 2012 by Jeff Laughlin Consulting LLC
# 
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# 
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# 
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
# SOFTWARE.
 

import sys
from time import sleep


def example_exc_handler(tries_remaining, exception, delay):
    """Example exception handler; prints a warning to stderr.

    tries_remaining: The number of tries remaining.
    exception: The exception instance which was raised.
    """
    print >> sys.stderr, "Caught '%s', %d tries remaining, sleeping for %s seconds" % (exception, tries_remaining, delay)


def retries(max_tries, delay=1, backoff=2, exceptions=(Exception,), hook=None):
    """Function decorator implementing retrying logic.

    delay: Sleep this many seconds * backoff * try number after failure
    backoff: Multiply delay by this factor after each failure
    exceptions: A tuple of exception classes; default (Exception,)
    hook: A function with the signature myhook(tries_remaining, exception);
          default None

    The decorator will call the function up to max_tries times if it raises
    an exception.

    By default it catches instances of the Exception class and subclasses.
    This will recover after all but the most fatal errors. You may specify a
    custom tuple of exception classes with the 'exceptions' argument; the
    function will only be retried if it raises one of the specified
    exceptions.

    Additionally you may specify a hook function which will be called prior
    to retrying with the number of remaining tries and the exception instance;
    see given example. This is primarily intended to give the opportunity to
    log the failure. Hook is not called after failure if no retries remain.
    """
    def dec(func):
        def f2(*args, **kwargs):
            mydelay = delay
            tries = range(max_tries)
            tries.reverse()
            for tries_remaining in tries:
                try:
                   return func(*args, **kwargs)
                except exceptions as e:
                    if tries_remaining > 0:
                        if hook is not None:
                            hook(tries_remaining, e, mydelay)
                        sleep(mydelay)
                        mydelay = mydelay * backoff
                    else:
                        raise
                else:
                    break
        return f2
    return dec